Streamline boat or pontoon



March 24, 1931. A. F. WALLMAN ET AL STREAMLINE BOAT OR PONTOON FiledAug. .2, 1928 Patented Mar. 24, 1 931 1 i I V,

nlvnnas 1 .1 mums Ann CLIFTON 1), Gone, oE FLUs-nm nEw-YoRK V vsiran aivngr nr m eamma Y s Y invieha n relates; a; high; speed streamlinehulls'fformotor boats',--a1r propelled boats and pontoons for seap-lanesand the water rather thansplowthrough thesame,

and whose upper structure is formed amoraing to certain low airresistance and stream i i v V i p the form of ar pontoon for a seaplane,asup- 6 line principles,'so that a minimumrejsis'ta'nce is encounteredby the hull both in moving through the air as well as over the water, 1

Another object is to produce such a novel hull or float whose structureis adapted particularly for contact with the water fro'mthe water linedownward, and more lightly con structed a distance above'the' water lineto merely cleave the air and thus add veryflittle tothe weight and draftof thesaid hull, ori

lfloat. y 1 V V It is-also an object of our inventionto so constructjthehull of the character indicated, 7 that the rear or. stern thereof actsas a stabilizing means which causes'the hull to auto matically bank oncurves in a manner quite in contrast withthe action of ordinary heatsand ships. i a V p A further object is toprovideahull'or float bodywhich is adapted, not only for use as a motor boat body, but also as afloat or pontoonon a seaplane or aquaplane with but slight andimmaterial modifi'cations.-

Further objects and'the various advantages of our invention will appearhereinafter as thespecification proceeds. In the accompanying drawings:1 Fig. 1 is a top or planview ofa boat or pontoon hull made according toour invengeousfeatures thereof. r Fig.2 a longitudinal section ofFigLlon line12-2, showing the morerugged struc- I the cross section line 3.

' above their level.

tion and embodying the'noveland' advantalines, as also is the casepatternof on is-a simila r outline pattern online4."

Figs is another patter-noon line 5; V ig. 6 is also 'a' pattern on lin6, ignoring thecockpitof the hulll' Fig. -7 is'aifurtherflpatternon line7 Fig'. 8 ;is the finalpatternon 1111628, the

eing merely rearf propeller channel: b

cated by dotted lines."

Fig-"91 is a View of the-s'ame invention in T 7 numerals indicate thesame parts. I

"In the practice of modern boat buildin, anew departure from the oldtheory of cleaving the water by the pointed andcleaver form of theprowiof a boat hull, is found in the flat and stepped bottoms of theplanes or floats used "onfs'eaplanes and the like. -Moreover,

the advantage such departures p esent over the old practice isimmediately apparent when an aquaplane moves rapidly, for the flatplanes rise to the surface of the waterand V skim; overthe same,reducing friction and energy expended to a minimum' and allow- 75. mg agreat increase" inspeed .over ordinary boats, but,-such planes areusually made into outriggers or support meansfor raised hulls orfuselage bodies which are spaced a distance I r so In contrast with suchpractice, we now propose to directly form the-bottom 10 of a hull 11according to the water planing form of the lower face of a plane asfound on an aquaplaneor watersled but'lengthening the same to depart ina measure therefrom and somewhat approach thecon'struction of a flatbottomed boathaving nokeel whatever. However, in'order toassist inproviding a steadying effect, the two'sides 12 and13 of the bot-vlightly peaked downward to tom lO'ina v f r a d'g l I a A'greatdeparture .of the present invention from common practice is alsointroducedby practically reversing the wholesboat and turning-the bluntrear-to the front and the Wedge. shapedprow to the rear. 7

p In addition, the new front end or prowis brought upi'in a curve at 15'togive the plan ing bottom atendencyto climb up onthe sur- 16a thecurvature is only'gradually increased 'to face of the water, theskimming effect being much increased by a step or shoulder lfi formed inthe bottom.

Then, the edges all around and 18 may be somewhat slightly rounded ifdesired, in order to reduce friction up to the shoulder 16, the edgesbeyond the latter being preferably moresharp at 19and20; At

the rear of the bottom 41, on the other hand, the bottom is againpreferably brought up above the water line in acurvea't 21 although thisis optional, the water tending to rise slightly and produce a verythin-wake thereby. The plan of the bottom follows the general outline ofthe whole boatwhic'h is reversed from the conventionalitypes, as-a1-ready mentioned and the formof-which 'may now be moreminutely examined.

The nose 22 ofthe hull is made somewhat dull, as its office is not tocleave water, but-to ride over it, and the hull is rapidly widenedbehind it at 3 and then gently curved toward the midship section at 4, 5and 6, after which form a streamline.convergenceof the sides 23 and2ebeyond 7 and8 to the elongated rear-- end 25. By using sucha form, thehull not only has the advantage of the formof a plane,

but also that of a boat of very shallow draft. However, the main'featureof the stern bottom/ilis that it is inclined downwardly toward the rearso that the extreme portion of stern 25 practically sags down on thewater,

7 except that at that point the bottom is brought upward in the curvedend 21 this rear section as awh'ole provides a secondary rear sleddingsection of the hull bottom in addition to the main forwardportion of thebottomlO back to the shoulder 16. This pro vides two'highly advantageousresults. The

- first has already been indicated, namely, that ess a relatively lightand fiat wake is producedbythe boat when proceeding over the water, dueto'the fact that the inclined stern bottom 41 of stern 25 rides upon'thewater in such an eifective sledding position as to receive veryconsiderable support from the water, thus flattening the wake. Thesecond advantage is in great measure derived fromthe first and residesin' the fact that-boat is automatically self banking when turning on acruve in the water, and can be run around a rather sharp curve'at thehighest speed without taking any precautionwhatever, the banking actiontaking place as in the case of, an aeroplane passing around a curve inthe air. The hull can thus be considered as having an integral rearstabilizerin its stern 25, andwhen the hull has a motor channel .31 aswill befurther eX-- plained in this case, the hullhmay beconsidered asequipped with a pair of'su'ch stabilizers due to the divided conditionof the stern. p Y

' Furthermore, the upperportion or canopy of the hull fromabove thewater line indi-' the hull at 17 cated at 26 is made ratherblunt at thenose, rising very rapidly in a sharp curve toward cated at 27 andprovidedwith a cowl 28 and 1 a rear board 29 upon. which an outboardmotor'may be mounted, as indicated at 30.

From the cowl-28back to the very extreme end of the rear 25 over thewater line, the hull canopy curves gently down in order to cooperatewith the elongated form of the hull 'tobreak any tende'ncy'to form avacuum behind the boat, then, again, the relatively blunt nose at theprow is formed 'to'abruptly part theair. in front and cause the airpressure'to hold down the nose and thereby hold the hull on an even keelwhen it tends to rise through planingaetion while gaining speedover thewater. I Y I The, rear of the hullhasa propeller channel 3lcut intothe-same and provided with the sidewalls 42 and 43,in order to providedraft space for the motor. 3e and its propeller, and is preferablycovered by a plate 32 to conform with the general plan of the hull, theboard 9 supporting the motor, the plate 32 being, however, optional.Natural- 1y, when the edgesor side of the hull at their junctions withthe top of the canopy are rounded to reduce friction they are'graduahlymerged with the top to form a smooth unit of streamline form andproportions. The introduction of the cowlserves in this form to. sweepthe air 'ina curve over the cockpit and protects an operator .in thecockpit from the wind produced by speedy running.

The lower hull proper consists pr ncipally of the outer heavy layer ofwood35- or other suitable material, reinforced by heavy ribs as at37.The canopy proper may be a canvas sheet, laminated wood or sheet metal33, which is supportedby light ribs as indicated at 36, the board 38forming the dividing line between-the hull'a'nd the canopy and servingas an anchorage for the ribs of both.

f course, the board 38 and the ribs may be displaced by other structure,according to desire, the main principles of the hull notbeing altered'thereby, though the canopy ispreferablyjmade much lighter than thebottom as already explained. v

p In the last view, the cowl, cockpit and rear channel are omitted. fromthe pontoon or float 39,.andihstead a supporting strut 40 of a seaplane(not shown) is partially illustrated. The principles of the pontoon aresubstantially the same as before in the case of the boat hull, and willprovide support upon the water while offering a minimum of resistance tothe latter and to the air when a seaplane thus equipped is set in motionpermitting the. latter to attain. a high" p d" my j quickly. YT e o Theupper portion 48 of the :39 correspondswiththe canopy 345iof-the hull,

the prowl t with'the hull pro w 34,,a lso the shoulder or step45iwiththe bottom shoulder 16 of the hull before described in detail; The

stern 4:7.here of course corresponds with; stern 25 of thehull,andtherear sleddingsection i'nclined'downw'ardly from shoulder-45 cor.-responds withxthe similar, structure 21 and 41 of the hull. I

Y The termwater line'as hereinused must I not be too strictly construedas'meaning at all times the actual water line but is intendedto denote apoint upon theihulllwhich is never below the actual water line butalways at least' u'ponits levela'or safely above the same;

Variations maybe resorted to Within the scope of our invention.

' Havingnow' full'ydescribed our invention,

we claim: 7 r, v 7

1.' A speed boat including a. hull having a relatively "obtuse prow andan elongated stern, a motor support spaced within said stern, therebeing a propeller channel extending to the rear extremity fromsaidsupport, a rigid streamline canopy surmounting sald hull in suchmanner as to conform to the outline thereof and cover said propellerchannel, there being also'a cockpit in said canopy extending down intosaid hull, and awind deflecting cowl upon said canopy adjacent saidcockpit.v

2.. In a speed boat having a hull provided with a water planing bottomincluding an intermediate transverse shoulder, said hull being generallystreamline in plan outline,

the combination with a streamline canopy rigidly secured to said hulland conforming to the outline thereof, of a downwardly inclined rearsection in said hull bottom beyond said shoulder terminating in anupwardly curved extremity extending above the water line. i v

, 3. In a speed boat or pontoon, the combination with a hull having awater planing bottom, including an intermediate transverse shoulder,said hull being generally streamline in plan outline, ofa downwardlyinclined integral rear'section upon said bottom disposed beyond saidshoulder termlnating in a rear extremity which is curved upward towardthe water line and arranged to make contact with the water when the hullis propelled forwardand the forward section of the bottom including saidshoulder glldes over the water. 7

e y 4. In a streamline boat or pontoon,the com bination with a hullhaving a waterplaning bottom which includes an intermediate transverseshoulder, said hull being generally streamline in plan outline, of'arigid rear section integral with said bottom downward ly inclined beyondsaid shoulder toward the rear,"said'rear section terminatingin a curvedextremity directed upward to the water line, i

and a streamline canopy of relatively lighter i construction thansaidhullsurmounting'the a same to form a unittherewith andconformingto.thegenerallystreamline outlineof said hull.

55111 a streamline boat or-pontoon,the i vided-with anintermediatetransverse shoul= downwardly arched in gradually inclined,

manner toward the rear and terminating in I an upwardly curved lextremity extending 7 j above the waterline, there being a streamlinecanopy of relatively l ghter construction coinbinationwith a hull havinga bottom'pro- 7 *der, ,of a rear sectionrigid withsaid bottom than saidhull surmounting thesameto fQI'lll' aunit therewith. Y 7 I 6. In a speedboat, the combination with, a

hull having a waterplaning bottom includ- Y Ina speed boat, thecombination with'a" hull havinga water planing bottom including an:intermediate transverse shoulder, of a rearsection rigid'with saidbottom downwardly inclined toward the rear for planing upon the water,and a pair of, interior walls c providing a propeller channel opentotherear and dividing said inclined rear section into a pair of integralstabilizers in said hullfor automatically banking said boatiwhen goingaround curve.

8:111 a rspeed boat, the. combination with ing an intermediatetransverse shoulder, of a rear section rigidwith said bottomdownwardlyinclined from said shoulder toward therear and terminatinginan upwardly curved extremity extending above the waterline, a pair ofinterior Walls in said rear providing a propeller channel open to therear and dividingsaid inclined andcurved rear 7 sect on 1nto' a pair ofintegral stabilizers in said hull, and a streamline canopy surmountingsaid hull {to form a unit therewith, said canopy being of relativelylighter jconstruc tion than said hull. I g 9. In a streamline boat orpontoon, awater a hull having a water planing bottom includ- Yplaning'bottom which consists of a pair of i consecutive rigidlyarranged water sleds arranged at different angles along said boat, saidwater sleds being so formed and arranged that the second sled isgenerally arched toform a concave bottom which is inclined downwardlytoward the rear} and r be operated tliroughsaid channel, a rigidlymounted canopy of streamline form sur terminates in an upwardly curvedextremity directed up toward the water line, said down-:

wardly inclined and arched sled bottom merg ing gradually andimperceptibly with the rear upward curve thereof. 7

' 10. Aspeed boat including ahullhaving a relatively obtuse prow and anelongated stern, there being a propeller channel opening rearwardly insaid stern, means in said stern for accommodatingamotor whose propellermay mounting said hull and both conforming with the outline thereof andtending to form a unit rear, and an upwardly curved section terminatingsaid downwardly arched section and forming the end section of the hullwhose curve reaches up to the Water line.

12. In a streamline boat or pontoon, the combination with a hullhaving'a water planing bottom, including an intermediate transverseshoulder, of an integral'rearsection in said bottom beginning at saidshoulder and curving gently downward toward the rear and then curvingupward toward the water line.

13. A speed boat including a hull'havinga relatively obtuse prow and anelongated stern,

said stern being bifurcated to provide a propeller channel, a canopyupon said hull conforming to the outline thereof and extendingrearwardly so as to cover said propeller channel, and means associatedwith said hull for supporting. a motor, there being a water sled-- dingbottom beneath said 'hull.-

14. A speed boat including a hull of generally streamline form providedwith awa'ter sledding bottom including an intermediatetransverseshoulder, a rear section in said hull bottom beyond said transverseshoulder which is inclined downwardly toward the rear in curved mannerand terminated in an upwardly curved extreme sectlon which reaches thewater line.

15. A speed boat or pontoon including a hull having a relatively obtuseprow and elongated stern, a water planing bottom beneath said hullconforming to the plan outlinethe'reof having an intermediatetransverseishoulder, a section beyond said shoulder which is inclineddownwardly toward the 1 rear in slightly curved manner so as to grainally increase the downward pitch, and: arear end section in said bottomfmergingiimperceptibly with said downwardly inclined section andcurvinguniformly upward, toward the water line. 7 a Y 16. A speed boatorpontoon including a hull surmountedzbya streamline superstructure, awater planing bottom'beneathsaid hull ha ving. anintermedia'tetransverse shoul der, a section integralwith said bottom beyond saidshoulder gradually curved downward withincreasinglpitch toward'the rear,and a rear extreme end portion merging with saiddownwardly curvedsection so as to curve ,upwardly'uniforml y therefrom to the water line.V v In testimonywhereof, we have signed our names to thisspecificationthis26 day ofJtl'ly,

ANDERS F. WALLMAN'; CLIFTON D. GOFF.

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